| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］目的 了解昆明地区临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌中超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）基因的分布情况及耐药性特点．方法 收集昆明地区4家医院临床标本中分离的铜绿假单胞菌125株，用VITEK32型全自动细菌鉴定仪进行细菌鉴定，用纸片扩散法检测其对20种抗菌药物的耐药性，用聚合酶链反应法对其进行基因检测，靶基因为TEM、SHV、OXA、PER、VEB、GES、CTX-M-1共7种ESBLs基因，对检测的阳性产物进行测序，并对照GenBank确定基因类型．结果 125株PA对多种β-内酰胺类抗菌药物有较高耐药率，对氨基糖苷类抗菌药物的耐药率较低．昆明地区4家医院PA中ESBLs基因检出率均在90%以上，7种主要的ESBLs基因型（PER、VEB、GES、TEM、SHV、OXA、CTX-M）均有检出，其中TEM型检出率占76%．结论 昆明地区PA中ESBLs基因检出率高，基因型分布较广，TEM是其中流行的主要基因型，各医院应规范临床用药，并加强联合动态监测. |
| 关键词: ［关键词］铜绿假单胞菌 超广谱β-内酰胺酶 耐药基因 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:［基金项目］云南省应用基础研究基金资助项目（2014FB080） |
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| Investigation of Resistance and Genotypes of Extended-spectrum β-lactamases Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Kunming |
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WANG Yang
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（Dept. of Laboratory，Kunming Yan’an Hospital，Kunming Yunnan 650051，China）
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］Objective To investigate the drug resistance of clinical isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa（PA） and the genotypes of extended-spectrum β-lactamases（ESBLs）produced by them in Kunming. Methods 125 clinical isolates of PA were collected from 4 hospitals in Kunming and identified with VITEK-32 automated bacteria identification instrument. The Kirby-Bauer method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility to 20 kinds of antibiotics. And polymerase chain reaction（PCR）analysis was used to detect 7 kinds of ESBLs genes including TEM，SHV， OXA，PER，VEB，GES and CTX-M-1. DNA sequencing was used to detect the positive production of PCR with GenBank as control. Results The resistance rates of 125 isolated PA were high to beta-lactam antibiotics，but low to aminoglycosides antibiotics. The detection rates of ESBLs genes were all above 90% from 4 hospitals in Kunming， and 7 kinds of ESBLs genes were all detected. Among the 7 kinds of ESBLs genes，the detection rate of TEM was 76%. Conclusion The detection rates of ESBLs genes were high in Kunming，and the distribution of ESBLs genotypes was varied. TEM was a main genotype among prevalent ESBLs genotypes. For local hospitals， attention must be paid to reasonable use of antibiotics，and should strengthen laboratories associated surveillance dynamically. |
| Key words: ［Key words］Pseudomonas aeruginosa Extended-spectrum β-lactamases Drug resistance genes |