| 摘要: |
| ［摘要］目的 调查昆明地区大学生群体过敏性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis，AR）分布情况、流行病学特征并分析其相关危险因素．方法 以昆明市7所高校的18～29岁的在校大学生为对象，采取分层抽样的方式抽取1 500名大学生，设计AR调查问卷，进行流行病学调查，对调查结果进行分析．结果 发放问卷1 500份，回收问卷1 484份，回收率98.9%，昆明市18～29岁在校大学生中自报患病率为25.4%（377/1 484），其中男性患病率为29.3%（170/580），女性患病率为22.9%（207/904）．AR患者中，3.7%伴有支气管哮喘（bronchial asthma，BA）；19.1%伴有家族遗传史；昆明地区大学生AR的主要诱因为灰尘．结论 昆明地区大学生AR发病率约为25.4%，男性患病率稍高于女性，AR的相关潜在危险因素主要为BA及家族过敏史，诱发因素主要为灰尘,动物皮毛及植物花粉． |
| 关键词: ［关键词］鼻炎 过敏性 患病率 流行病学 大学生 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:［基金项目］云南省应用基础研究基金资助项目（2014FZ024） |
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| A Survey of Allergic Rhinitis among College Students in Kunming |
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LIU Xiao-chen1,2
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1.（1）Kunming Medical University，Kunming Yunnan 650500;2.２）Dept. of Otolaryngology，The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University，Kunming Yunnan 650032，China）
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| Abstract: |
| ［Abstract］Objective To investigate the distribution， epidemiologic feature and the related risk features of allergic rhinitis among college students in Kunming. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was conducted in each school as a unit. The investigated subjects included 1500 students aged from18 to 29 years old from 7 universities in Kunming，Yunnan Province. The epidemiological investigation was carried out using the designed questionnaire of allergic rhinitis. The results were analyzed. Results We had given out 1500 questionnaires and the response rate was 98.9%. The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 25.4% among college students in Kunming，in which， the males' prevalence rate was 29.3% and the females' was 22.9%. And 3.7% of the students with allergic rhinitis were combined with asthma and the 19.1% combined with a history of familial inheritance. The main risk factor was dust．Conclusion The self-reported and prevalence of allergic rhinitis among college students in Kunming is 25.4%. Males' prevalence rate is slightly higher than the females'. The potential risk factors are bronchial asthma and the history of familial inheritance. The mainly inducement is dust， animal fur and plant pollen. |
| Key words: ［Key words］Rhinitis Allergic Prevalence Epidemiology University students |